Page 329 of 339

D/GLOSSARY
Assemblies
Precise combination of joinery connections
between parts designed to produce a desired
structure, function, or shape.
Chip Load
The amount of material removed by each flute
tooth, as the end mill makes one revolution,
while being pushed along a toolpath.
Collet
Attachment to the spindle that holds the end
mill in place, usually with a friction fit.
Conventional (cutting)
The feed direction runs counterclockwise, while
the spindle rotates clockwise.
Climb (cutting)
The feed direction runs clockwise, while the
spindle rotates clockwise.
Contour cut
Removal of material within a specified region
with variable depth topography. Is oriented
independently of the material surface.
Cut file
A 2D drawing of the pieces/parts that are laid
out with respect to a sheet of material and sep-
arated into layers that anticipate toolpaths.
Digital fabrication
The production of things, using digital tools.
One-off or specialized.
Distributed manufacturing
Network of affiliated CNC fabricators, who
source design information globally and materi-
als locally, and eliminate the transportation
waste of a centralized factory.
Dogbone
Detail that removes the radius left by a 90-
degree interior toolpath cut by a round end mill.
A dogbone is a hole placed at a 90-degree cor-
ner that leaves a small 3/4 circle at interior cor-
ner intersections.
DXF
CAD file format developed by Autodesk, for
AutoCAD that is recognizable by many CAD and
CAM programs. DXF stands for Drawing Inter-
change Format (or Drawing Exchange Format).
End mill
The cutting tool, held by the spindle, for which
the toolpath is generated. End mills come in
various sizes, materials, flute dispositions, and
tip conditions for a wide array of cutting appli-
cations.
Feeds
The velocity at which the tool moves laterally
through material. Feed rate is measured in dis-
tance per time, or inches per minute, and
abbreviated IPM.
Flatten
The process of breaking down and laying out
the parts of a 3D model into a flattened and 2D
version.
Gantry
Apparatus that affords the x/y movement
above the stock, holds the spindle, and pre-
cisely locates it relative to the toolpath.
Good side
The face veneers of premium, veneer plywood
has sides that are graded differently. The finish
side that is meant to be exposed has a better
quality veneer with usually more uniformity and
evenness in most cases. Conversely, the back
D/GLOSSARY
327
    "